Editing Skule Nite

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.

The edit can be undone. Please check the comparison below to verify that this is what you want to do, and then publish the changes below to finish undoing the edit.

Latest revision Your text
Line 1: Line 1:
[[Image:Skule_Nite_0T9.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Skule Nite 0T9 Opening Act]]
[[Image:Skule_Nite_0T9.jpg|250px|thumb|right|Skule Nite 0T9 Opening Act]]
Skule Nite is a musical revue / comedy / sketch show run entirely by Engineering students at the University of Toronto. It is put on annually at Hart House, and is a professional-level production done entirely by volunteers.  
Skule Nite is a musical revue / comedy / sketch show run entirely by Engineering students at the University of Toronto. It is put on annually at Hart House, and is a professional-level production done entirely by volunteers.  
==History==
==History==
===Early History===
The origins of Skule™ Nite can be traced back to the early years of the 20th century. At that time, there was no show as such, but frequently students and professors would perform short skits and musical ensembles at social events during the year. In 1920, the Engineering Society appointed a Stunt Night Committee to bring together all these scattered dramatic efforts into one show. There was so much interest in this idea that it was decided Massey Hall should be rented for the performance. At 8:30pm, on Wednesday, March 2, 1921, a entitled “Ngynyrs in SPaSms” was performed there with overwhelming success. The show contained eleven skits, ranging from "the Toronto Dislocation Commission" to "the Adventures of Chloreen". The show was accompanied by a student band called the "Toike Oikestra". The show was such a success that it was repeated verbatim the following year, with attendance of over 2000.
The origins of Skule™ Nite can be traced back to the early years of the 20th century. At that time, there was no show as such, but frequently students and professors would perform short skits and musical ensembles at social events during the year. In 1920, the Engineering Society appointed a Stunt Night Committee to bring together all these scattered dramatic efforts into one show. There was so much interest in this idea that it was decided Massey Hall should be rented for the performance. At 8:30pm, on Wednesday, March 2, 1921, a entitled “Ngynyrs in SPaSms” was performed there with overwhelming success. The show contained eleven skits, ranging from "the Toronto Dislocation Commission" to "the Adventures of Chloreen". The show was accompanied by a student band called the "[[Toike Oikestra]]". The show was such a success that it was repeated verbatim the following year, with attendance of over 2000.
 
===Early Hart House Era===
In 1923, the show was moved to Hart House. At the time, Hart House was only open to male students due to the stipulation of its founder, the Massey Foundation. However, Hart House could be opened to both genders for special events, so in order to “bring the lady friends into the House to enjoy all the facilities that it had to offer,” the Engineering Society organized "Faculty Night", a comprehensive showcase of displays and events put on by engineering students and departments of which the theatrical presentation was only a small part. At the same time, a new format of School Night, combining a variety of theatrical reviews and displays, competitions and dancing, was established, and continued as such for over twenty years. In the late 1940′s, ‘School Night’, ‘School Nite’, and eventually 'Skule™ Nite', evolved into the extravagant evening of theatre as it is known today, and enjoyed the reputation of being the most popular ‘Informal Night’ on campus.
In 1923, the show was moved to Hart House. At the time, Hart House was only open to male students due to the stipulation of its founder, the Massey Foundation. However, Hart House could be opened to both genders for special events, so in order to “bring the lady friends into the House to enjoy all the facilities that it had to offer,” the Engineering Society organized "Faculty Night", a comprehensive showcase of displays and events put on by engineering students and departments of which the theatrical presentation was only a small part. At the same time, a new format of Skule Nite, combining a variety of theatrical reviews and displays, competitions and dancing, was established, and continued as such for over twenty years. In 1940′s, as the show evolved into the extravagant evening of theatre known today, so much time and effort was being put into production of the theatrical portion of Skule Nite that no time or support was left for the other events. The 'Revue', as it was referred at the time, became Skule Nite.  
 
This popularity continued through to the later 1960′s when attendance at Skule™ Nite had begun to drop off, as was the case for many campus activities at the time. Although the spirit of Skule™ Nite was less affected than most faculties, by 1968 it was becoming very difficult for the Engineering Society to justify the expense. The next year the Engineering Society, still suffering from the debt of the year before, would not support another Skule™ Nite.
 
Four years later, as a tribute to the hundredth anniversary of the faculty, Skule™ Nite was resurrected, originally intended to be one time only. The success of that show, however, supported by an enthusiastic coterie of enthusiasts of the theatre, has resulted in a 33-year unbroken run of theatrical delights, culminating with last year’s three-hour “Musical Comedy Adventure of Epic Proportions!” Then Director Jon Hoss, NΨ 0T5, himself a 4-year veteran of the cast, suggested his show would “feel a lot more like a musical than like a sketch comedy show. The cast will take the audience on a suspense-filled adventure around the world, filled with madcap action and comedy. We are, however, still staying true to the Skule™ Nite style.” As for Skule™ Nite 0T6, Director Leona Smith and Producer Alice Xu have crafted another edition of “madcap action and comedy” that is alive and well and welcome in the 21st century. Certainly time well wasted.
 
:''Originally written by Rob West, Skule Nite Director 8T3 and published in the Cannon; Volume XXIII, Issue IX.''
:''Parts of the history of Skule™ Nite were taken from the Skule™ Nite 7T3 programme, by R. Scott Jolliffe (CHEM 7T3)''


At the close of World War II, during which Skule Nite had been cancelled once (in 1942) and displaced to the Royal Ontario Museum (in 1944), the show was moved to the fall and for the first time began to have an entire year of production behind it. Every aspect of the show was ramped up and the professionalism of the acting, singing, dancing and effects escalated. This trend continued for twenty years, until attendance at Skule Nite began to drop off in the mid-1960's. As a result, in 1968 the Engineering Society decided to put on a Broadway musical, "Stop the World, I Want to Get Off", in place of Skule Nite. The show flopped and EngSoc was left stuck in debt from the production costs, leading to the cancellation of Skule Nite for the foreseeable future.
===Modern Era===
Four years later in 1973, as a tribute to the hundredth anniversary of the faculty and the fiftieth anniversary of the show, Michael Stanek resurrected Skule™ Nite, originally intended to be one time only. The success of that show, however, supported by an enthusiastic coterie of enthusiasts of the theatre, has resulted in a unbroken run of theatrical delights since that time. In 2000, the production moved to current format of 5 shows in 4 days.
==Skule Nite Directors and Producers==
==Skule Nite Directors and Producers==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
!|Year
!Year
! colspan="2"|Director
!colspan="2"|Director
! colspan="2"|Producer
!colspan="2"|Producer
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 2T4|2023-2024]]
|rowspan="2"|2010-2011
||Thomas Dell
|Mason Lau
||NΨ 2T1+3
|Chem 0T8
||Cat Ye
|rowspan ="2"|Katerina Daginis
||CIV 2T3+PEY
|rowspan="2"|Chem 1T1
|-
|-
||Rhythm Loomba (Assistant Director)
|Chris Tuff (Assistant Director)
||NΨ 2T3+PEY
|Chem 1T0
||Caley McNeill (Assistant Producer)
||INDY 2T5+PEY
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 2T3|2022-2023]]
|rowspan="2"|2009-2010
||Anya Banning
|Daniel Marquez
||Mech 2T1+PEY
|Indy 0T8+1
||Deniz Uzun
|Katerina Daginis
||ECE 2T3+PEY
|Chem 1T1
|-
|-
||Emily Macdonald-Roach
|Mason Lau (Assistant Director)
||Che 2T1+PEY
|Chem 0T8
||Nathalie Cristofaro (Assistant Producer)
|Alvin Ho
||Mech 2T2+PEY
|Elec 0T9+PEY
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 2T2|2021-2022]]
|rowspan="2"|2008-2009
||Stephanie McDonald
|rowspan="2"|Kian Marandi
||Mech 2T0+PEY+1
|rowspan="2"|Mech 0T7+2
||Michael Cortese
|Rossana Rodriguez
||Mech 2T2+PEY
|Indy 1T0+1
|-
|-
||Jacqueline Amoranto (Assistant Director)
|Steven Szeto
||NΨ 2T1+1
|Indy 0T9
||Mackenzie Seward (Assistant Producer)
||NΨ 2T1+1
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 2T1|2020-2021]]
|2007-2008
| rowspan="2"|Sofia Tijanic
|Jordan Silverman
| rowspan="2"|ECE 1T9+PEY
|Mech 0T7
||Nicholas Popowich
|Steven Szeto
||ECE 2T0+PEY
|Indy 0T9
|-
|-
||Maya Dai (Assistant Producer)
|rowspan="2"|2006-2007
||Mech 2T1+PEY
|rowspan="2"|Chris Peressotti
|rowspan="2"|NΨ 0T1
|Don McAuslan
|?
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 2T0|2019-2020]]
|Carolyn Hicks
||Jenny Graydon
|Civ 0T7+PEY
||Indy 1T8
||Seif Sarofim
||ECE 2T0+PEY
|-
|-
||Julia Lobo (Assistant Director)
|2005-2006
||Che 1T8+PEY
|Leona Smith
||Jonathan Norman (Assistant Producer)
|MSE 0T?
||MSE 1T9+PEY
|?
|?
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T9|2018-2019]]
|2004-2005
||Johnny McGroarty
|Jon Hoss
||Che 1T7+PEY
|NΨ 0T4+PEY
||Angela Ma
|Matthew Szeto
||Che 1T8+PEY
|Comp 0T3+1
|-
|-
||Sean Pitre (Assistant Director)
|rowspan="2"|2003-2004
||NΨ 1T8+PEY
|Jane Lam
||David Pech (Assistant Producer)
|Chem 0T2
||Mech 1T8+PEY
|Carrie Smith
|NΨ 0T3+PEY
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T8|2017-2018]]
|Chris Langley (Assistant Director)
||Emma Sexton
|NΨ 0T2
||Indy 1T6
|Matthew Szeto
||Linda Leung
|Comp 0T3+1
||Indy 1T8+PEY
|-
|-
||Nikola Andric (Assistant Director)
|2002-2003
||Bio MEng 1T7
|?
||Kevin Vincze (Assistant Producer)
|?
||Che 1T7+PEY
|?
|?
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T7|2016-2017]]
|2001-2002
| rowspan="2"|Justin Hugh
|Mike Wood
| rowspan="2"|Mech 1T3
|?
||Alex Perelgut
|Tiffany Conroy
||NΨ 1T6+PEY
|?
|-
|-
||Savannah Forest (Assistant Producer)
|2000-2001
||Civ MASc 1T9
|Chris Langley
|NΨ 9T8
|Glenn Hauck
|?
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T6|2015-2016]]
|1999-2000
||Michael Manning
|Aryn Pyke
||NΨ 1T3+PEY
|Elec ?T?
||Patrice Boisclair-Laberge
|Wilfred Lam
||ECE 1T5+PEY
|NΨ 0T0
|-
|-
||Kevin Hugh (Assistant Director)
|1998-1999
||CSC 1T6+PEY
|Kern Lewin
||Massimo Gordillo
|NΨ 9T7
||Indy 1T5+PEY
|Xavier Galvez
|Comp 9T9+PEY
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T5|2014-2015]]
|1997-1998
||Sean Sit
|Trevor Mills
||Indy 1T2+PEY
|NΨ 9T8+PEY
||Shashwat Sharma
|Kristin Hofstee
||NΨ 1T3+PEY
|NΨ 9T8
|-
|-
||Michael Manning (Assistant Director)
|1996-1997
||NΨ 1T3+PEY
|Alex Hatzivassilis
||Laura Burget (Assistant Producer)
|?
||Che 1T6
|Trevor Mills
|NΨ 9T8+PEY
|}
 
 
 
 
==Skule Nite Cast, Crew, Tech, Miscellaneous==
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T4|2013-2014]]
!Year
||Navid Nourian
!Cast
||NΨ 1T2+PEY
!Stage Manager
||Jad Knayzeh
!Floor Manager, Stage Crew
||NΨ 1T3+PEY
!Musical Director, Band
!Master Carpenters
!Building/Painting/ Props/Costumes
!Tech
!Choreography
!Vocal Directors
!Videography, Programme/Web
!Writers
 
|-
|-
||Sandra Sousa (Assistant Director)
|2010-2011
||ECE 1T3
|Amanda Bell, Velora Chan, Celine Ko, Scott Orr, Peter Raimondo, Carla Pereira, Daniella Ruggiero, Navid Nourian, Sean Sit, Jonny Sun, Sandra Sousa, Scott Whitty, Nicole Tavares, Chris Sun, Daphne Wong
||Patrice Boisclair-Laberge
|Peter Goshulak
||ECE 1T5
|Peter Wills, Che McWaters, Patrick Oatway, Andrew Barolet, Ryan Mintz, Chunkei Tang, Gordon Tattle
|Mark Jeffrey, Alex Ariza, Sal Alberti, Shona Robinson, Jenn Chaskavich, Henry Shi, Richard Medal, Laura Van Staveren, Adam Rosenfield, Emily Golem, Andrew Oldham, Marc Tyndel, Kevin Lam, Ryan Alafriz, Raymond McTaggart, Luke Graves
|Marc Dallen, Kevin Vanderwoude
|Master Carpenters, stage crew, Tiffany Chan, Garry Carr, Samantha Yang, Anastasia Wickeler, Cyrus Lau, Andrew Jerabek, Adam Fontana, Alessandro Zavatti, Athena Theyers, Kaya Sabag, Melody Schwartz-Narbonne, Catherine Smith, Huda Idrees, Vanessa DiBattista, Laura Serafini, Jessica Lau, Felix Pang
|Alex Martins, Misha Stecyk, Ian Liness, Adam Fontana, Ian Parker, Pete Scourboutakos, Melody Schwartz-Narbonne, Laurie Charpentier, Minha Nguyen, Amit Rakhra, Rob Netopilik, Jordan Newnan
|Elissa Caccavella, Christopher Sun, Kevin Vidal
|Amanda Bell, Peter Raimondo
|Rishi Maharaj, Billy Wong, Jonny Sun, Ivan Zdravkovic, Wayne Lin
|Jonny Sun, Kevin Vidal, Amanda Bell, Scott Whitty, Peter Raimondo, Mason Lau, Chris Tuff, The Fossils, The Cast
 
|-
|-
| rowspan="3"|[[Skule Nite 1T3|2012-2013]]
|2009-2010
||Christopher Sun
|Amanda Bell, Scott Whitty, Kevin Vidal, Peter Raimondo, Jonny Sun, Chris Sun, Joel Musial, Elissa Caccavella, Nina Mason, Nina Noghrehkar, Hasan Alkabeer, Patricia Nikolski, Chris Tuff, Nga Nguyen, Gabrielle Chapman, Alessandra __
||NΨ 1T3+PEY
|Riley Monsour
||Amanda Bell
|Franz LaZerte, Kevin Vanderwoude, Peter Goshulak, Frank Pagano, Denizcan Karadadas, Addie Denison, Sandra Sousa, Navid Nourian, Nitla Cooke, Zoriana Workun
||Indy MASc 1T4
|David Ruggiero, BAND
|-
|Marc Dallen,
||Scott Whitty
|Garry Carr, Tiffany Chan, Anastasia Wickeler, Vanessa DiBattista,
||NΨ 1T3+PEY
|Alex Martins, David Clease, Misha Stecyk, Ian Liness, Adam Fontana, John Matienzo,
||Ian Parker
|Elissa Caccavella, Kevin Vidal
||Min 1T2+1
|David Lee, J-M Erlendson
|-
|?
|
|?
|
 
||Chunkei Tang
||Che 1T4
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T2|2011-2012]]
| rowspan="2"|Jonny Sun
| rowspan="2"|NΨ 1T1+PEY
||Wayne Lin
||Indy 1T1+PEY
|-
|-
||Ian Parker (Assistant Producer)
|2008-2009
||Min 1T2+1
|Hasan Alkabeer, J-M Erlendson, Mason Lau, Dan Marquez, Velibor Misic, Peter Raimondo, Danial Shidvash, Jonathan Sun, Kevin Vidal, Amanda Bell, Gete Berhe, Elissa Caccavella, Cristina Caruso, Carina Cautillo, Nina Mason, Patricia Nikolski, Nina Noghrehkar, Sarah Ranco
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T1|2010-2011]]
||Mason Lau
||Che 0T8
| rowspan="2"|Katerina Daginis
| rowspan="2"|Che 1T1
|-
||Chris Tuff (Assistant Director)
||Che 1T0
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 1T0|2009-2010]]
||Daniel Marquez
||Indy 0T8+1
||Katerina Daginis
||Che 1T1
|-
||Mason Lau (Assistant Director)
||Che 0T8
||Alvin Ho
||Elec 0T9+PEY
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 0T9|2008-2009]]
| rowspan="2"|Kian Marandi
| rowspan="2"|Mech 0T7+2
||Rossana Rodriguez
||Indy 1T0+1
|-
||Steven Szeto
||Indy 0T9
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T8|2007-2008]]
||Jordan Silverman
||Mech 0T7
||Steven Szeto
||Indy 0T9
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 0T7|2006-2007]]
| rowspan="2"|Chris Peressotti
| rowspan="2"|NΨ 0T1
||Don McAuslan
||NΨ 0T4
|-
||Carolyn Hicks
||Civ 0T7+PEY
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T6|2005-2006]]
||Leona Smith
||MSE 0T6
||Alice Xu
||Arts 0T5
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T5|2004-2005]]
||Jon Hoss
||NΨ 0T4+PEY
||Matthew Szeto
||Comp 0T3+1
|-
| rowspan="2"|[[Skule Nite 0T4|2003-2004]]
||Jane Lam
||Chem 0T2
||Carrie Smith
||NΨ 0T3+PEY
|-
||Chris Langley (Assistant Director)
||NΨ 0T2
||Matthew Szeto
||Comp 0T3+1
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T3|2002-2003]]
||Agnes Jedrzejewski
||Comp 0T2
||Donovan Pollitt
||Min 0T3
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T2|2001-2002]]
||Mike Wood
||Min 0T2
||Tiffany Conroy
||NΨ 0T1+1
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T1|2000-2001]]
||Chris Langley
||NΨ 9T8
||Glenn Hauck
||?
|-
||[[Skule Nite 0T0|1999-2000]]
||Aryn Pyke
||COMP 9T5
||Wilfred Lam
||NΨ 0T0
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T9|1998-1999]]
||Kern Lewin
||NΨ 9T7
||Xavier Galvez
||Comp 9T9+PEY
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T8|1997-1998]]
||Trevor Mills
||NΨ 9T8+PEY
||Kristin Hofstee
||NΨ 9T8
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T7|1996-1997]]
||Alex Hatzivassilis
||Elec 9T4
||Trevor Mills
||NΨ 9T8+PEY
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T3|1992-1993]]
||Lydia Van Der Veen
||Che 8T8
||Karri Paradi
||Ind 9T4
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T2|1991-1992]]
||Ed Bonner
||BSc (Math) 9T3
||Michelle (Radford) Barnes & Jason Pilon
||??? & MMS 0T1
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T1|1990-1991]]
||Donna Cieszynska
||Indy 9T0
||Andre Angelantoni
||Civ 3rd year
|-
||[[Skule Nite 9T0|1989-1990]]
||Franco Minatel
||Mech 8T6
||Hayley Ohlig
||Ind 9T0
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T9|1988-1989]]
||Jovanni Sy
||Ind 8T8?<br />
||Kenneth Kiang
||Ele 9T0
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T8|1987-1988]]
||Alec McTavish
||NΨ 8T7
||Tom Meadowcroft
||NΨ 8T8
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T7|1986-1987]]
||Jerome Madden
||Physical Geography 8T7
||Larry Breakwell
||NΨ 8T9
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T6|1985-1986]]
||Ron Williams & Lynette Fairweather
||NΨ 8T4 & Mech 8T5<br />
||Ron Dizy
||Ind 8T7
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T5|1984-1985]]
||Steve Roberts
||BSc(Psy) 1T7
||Lee Verhoeff
||Civ 8T6
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T4|1983-1984]]
||Wayne Levin
||Ind 8T4
||Lee Verhoeff
||Civ 8T6
|-
||[[Skule Nite 8T3|1982-1983]]
||Rob West
||Che 8T1
||Ira Rotenberg
||Ind 8T6
|-
||1981-1982
||Parvez Patel
||NΨ 8T1
||Judith Vosko
||NΨ 8T4
|-
||1980-1981
||Jan Piekoszewski
||Civ 8T0
||Nancy Brown
||NΨ 8T1
|-
||1979-1980
||Peter Nelson
||NΨ 7T9
||Graham Skells & Pierre Gagnon
||NΨ 8T1 & 7T9
|-
||1978-1979
||Mark Ewen
||Mech 7T8
||Graham Skells
||NΨ 8T1
|-
||1977-1978
||Paul Baker
||NΨ 7T5
||Graham Skells
||NΨ 8T1
|-
||[[Skule Nite 7T7|1976-1977]]
||Jim Podolak
||Civ 7T5
||Bruce Dodds
||Mech 7T7
|-
||1975-1976
||Deborah (Waddell) Morris
||Che 7T7
||Mike Henry
||Mech 7T6
|-
||1974-1975
||Stephen Cress
||ELE 7T5
||Michael Cox
||ELE 7T5
|-
||1973-1974
||Sylvia (Gibb) Young
||Ind 7T5
||Rick Fletcher
||Mech 7T3
|-
|| 
||Sheryl Prowse
||A&S
|| 
|| 
|-
||[[Skule Nite 7T3|1972-1973]]
||Michael Stanek
||Ind 7T3
||Rick Fletcher
||Mech 7T3
|-
||1965-1966
||Fred Benzaquen
||ELE 6T8
||Andris Skuja
||NΨ 6T6
|-
||1963-1964
||Andris Skuja
||NΨ 6T6
||Joseph Gilling
||Mech 6T5
|-
||1961-1962
||Brock West
|| 
||Grant Coffey
||Civ 6T2
|-
||1948-1949
||Garth McDowell
|| 
||Bill Walker
|| 
|-
||1920-1921
||C.T. Carson
|| 
|| 
|| 
|-
|| 
||J. McKnight
|| 
|| 
|| 
|}
|}
==List of Skule Nite Shows==
* [[Skule Nite 2T4]]
* [[Skule Nite 2T3]]
* [[Skule Nite 2T1]]
* [[Skule Nite 2T0]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T9]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T8]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T7]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T6]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T5]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T4]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T3]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T2]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T1]]
* [[Skule Nite 1T0]]
* [[Skule Nite 0T9]]
* [[Skule Nite 0T8]]
* [[Skule Nite 0T7]]
* [[Skule Nite 0T6]]
* [[Skule Nite 0T5]]
Please note that all contributions to Skulepedia are considered to be released under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA) (see Skulepedia:Copyrights for details). If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly and redistributed at will, then do not submit it here.
You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource. Do not submit copyrighted work without permission!

To edit this page, please answer the question that appears below (more info):

Cancel Editing help (opens in new window)